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Alpenkorps (German Empire)
The Alpenkorps was a provisional mountain formation of division size formed by the Imperial German Army during World War I. It was considered by the Allies to be one of the best in the German Army.〔''Histories of Two Hundred and Fifty-One Divisions of the German Army which Participated in the War (1914-1918), compiled from records of Intelligence section of the General Staff, American Expeditionary Forces, at General Headquarters, Chaumont, France 1919,'' (1920)〕
==Formation==
After experiencing considerable difficulties in fighting the French ''Chasseurs Alpins'' in the Vosges Mountains during the Battle of the Frontiers, the German Army determined to create its own specialized mountain units. The Royal Bavarian 1st and 2nd Snowshoe Battalions (''Kgl. Bayerisches Schneeschuhbataillon I & II'') were formed in Munich, Bavaria on November 21, 1914. A third battalion was formed in April 1915 from the 4th, 5th and 6th companies of the second battalion. In May 1915, the three battalions were brought together with a fourth (formed from troops of the other battalions and Bavarian ''Landwehr'' troops) to form the 3rd Jäger Regiment (''Jäger Regiment Nr. 3''). In October 1915, the designation ''Schneeschuhbataillon'' was eliminated.〔Hartwig Busche, ''Formationsgeschichte der deutschen Infanterie im Ersten Weltkrieg 1914-1918'' (1998)〕
Also in May 1915, the previously separate Bavarian 1st, 2nd and 2nd Reserve Jäger Battalions were joined to form the Royal Bavarian 1st Jäger Regiment (''Kgl. Bayer. Jäger Regiment Nr. 1''). The Prussian 10th, 10th Reserve and 14th Reserve Jäger Battalions were also joined together, forming the 2nd Jäger Regiment (''Jäger Regiment Nr. 2'').〔Busche, ''Formationsgeschichte''〕
These units, along with the elite Royal Bavarian Infantry Lifeguards Regiment (''Infanterie-Leib-Regiment''), the Bavarian Army bodyguard regiment, became the core of the Alpenkorps, and were complemented with additional artillery, machinegun and other support units. The Alpenkorps was officially founded on May 18, 1915 with Bavarian ''Generalleutnant'' Konrad Krafft von Dellmensingen as its commander, and Bavarian ''Generalmajor'' Ludwig Ritter von Tutschek and Prussian ''Generalmajor'' Ernst von Below as his brigade commanders.
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